Mmass effect logic4/20/2023 This article is specified to answer the following questions of how Indonesian political parties’ leaders and presidential candidates after 2004 Indonesian presidential election adapted to the news and social media logics and what drove such adaptations. However, while it has been argued that mediatisation of politics that evolved in the emerging democracies are likely dissimilar from its counterpart in the Westernestablished democracies (Voltmer and Sorensen, 2016: 1), a knowledge of developments in the mediatisation of politics that took place after 2004 Indonesian presidential election and also the structural factors and conditions that determined such developments has been under-developed.Īdaptations of political actors and organizations in Asian democratic countries to the media and social media logics have been increasingly visible. Subsequent authors also explored diverse factors that encouraged such political actors to adopt the (news) media logic (Strömbäck and Van Aelst, 2013 Landerer, 2013 Asp, 2014, Meyen et al., 2014Pallas et al., 2016) and managed such adaptation when they dealt with diverse types of the mainstream media (Casero-Ripollés et al., 2016 Blach-Orsten et al., 2017). Having adopted the institutionalist mediatisation perspective, some authors examined the ways and the degree to which political actors (such as members of parliament, political pundits and journalists) perceive the media's political influence (Strömbäck, 2011a), interact with and address the mass media (Elmelund-Praestekaer et al., 2011, Aalberg andStrömbäck, 2011), manage their roles in political affairs and their visibilities in the news, more specifically, in facing the election campaigning (Hopmann and Strömbäck, 2010). Here, those second-order long-term mass media effects are called mediatization. Those adaptation processes have one pre-condition (the existence of a more or less autonomous mass media system) and are three-fold: political actors modify their individual strategies (micro-level), rearrange resources of political organizations such as parties, lobbying groups, or non-governemtal organizations (meso-level), and rewrite the programs of the political system (macro-level). In the case of the mediatization of politics, this refers both to the adaptation of mass media logic by political actors and media-induced changes in the public representation of politics. Mass media logic as a highly complex construct of interacting structures has changed society fundamentally, as actors in different social functional systems believe in first-order mass media effects and, therefore, adapt to the mass media logic. This article proposes a theoretical framework for analyzing both mass media logic as a driving force for social change and, probably more importantly, that change itself as caused by the mass media.
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